What protocol does Apple's AirDrop use for file sharing?

AirDrop utilizes Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Direct for file sharing, which allows for quick and seamless connection between devices. Bluetooth is used primarily to establish a peer-to-peer connection and facilitate the initial handshake needed for devices to detect one another and create a direct link. After this connection is established, Wi-Fi Direct is used to transfer larger files more efficiently, as it provides faster transfer speeds compared to Bluetooth alone. This dual-protocol approach makes AirDrop highly effective for sharing files between Apple devices without the need for an internet connection, maintaining a secure and fast file transfer experience.